The mammalian heart inspires the Euterpe Single-Use-Pump
Concept
The mammalian heart is a dynamic, untiring, precisely adjustable four chamber dual pump arranged in one compact unit. Lifetime ranging up to 2,5 billion (2,5x1012) pump strokes for long living humans. The heart has 4 valves, 2 inlet chambers and 2 power chambers. The 2 inlet chambers Atrium supply via 2 one-way valves Tricuspid, Mitral the power Ventricles chambers with fluid. The two Ventricle muscle walls Myocardium contracts and force blood through the 2 one-way valves Pulmonary, Aortic out of the heart and into the body.
The total volume of blood pumped by the average animal mammalian heart in a lifetime is approximately 200 million Liter/kg heart. The obtainable / realistic number of heart beats is ranging 1-2,5 billion (1-2,5 x1012) per lifetime - yes, all depending on how lucky we are!
The driving force of the heart is the powerful muscle wall named Myocardium. App 1% of the Myocardium wall are pacemaker cells reacting instantly to the PID regulated nerve signal combined from Sinoatrial Node and Medulla in the brain. The nerve signal range as high as 60 milliVolt strength based on the Calcium, Potassium, Sodium ions balance. Myocardium is covered on the outside by the fluid tight and protective membrane Pericardium.
Mammalian heart comparison
|
Beats-per-Minute |
Stroke Volume |
Cardiac Output |
Blood volume |
Max pressure |
Heart weight |
Body weigth |
Beat life time |
|
|
Abbreviation |
BpM |
SV |
CO |
mm Hg x 1,3 |
||||
|
Measures |
Liter |
L/minute |
Liter |
mBar |
Kilo |
Ton |
x1012 |
|
|
Adult human |
60 - 150 |
0,060 - 0,090 |
4 - 14 |
4 - 6 |
160 |
0,25 - 0,35 |
0,08 |
1-2 |
|
Horse |
30 - 100 |
1 - 3 |
30 - 300 |
40 - 60 |
150 |
3 - 6 |
0,4 - 0,8 |
>1,1 |
|
Elephant |
25 - 50 |
12 |
300 - 600 |
300 - 450 |
200 |
12 - 21 |
5 - 6 |
>1,1 |
|
Blue whale |
6 - 30 |
>350 |
>2100 |
<6500 |
400 - 700 |
100 - 180 |
>1,1 |
Conclusion - mammalian heart max variation in Cardiac Output (CO) = 1:10 (CO = BpM x SV)
- Beats-per-Minute (BpM) variation: 1:3
- Stroke Volume (SV) variation: 1:3
The Euterpe pump cell integrates only three moving parts (inside the pump body):
- one Pericardium membrane as found on the outside of the Myocardium muscle
- two one-way cross-slit valves like Tricuspid and Pulmonary valves
The Atropos drive unit integrates the electronic Apollon PLC brain, which collects electrical signals from the Laser sensor, pressure, vacuum, and temperature sensor's. Hereby the Apollon brain (Medulla) can calculate on-line and in real-time:
- the actual position of the Pericardium membrane with 1/10th of a millimetre precision
Further correct the membrane position continuously according to changes in conditions and the selected program position by en real-time regulate the drive gas pressure and:
- use vacuum to contract (Systole) Pericardium
- use pressure to expand (Diastole) Pericardium
In Euterpe one side of the Pericardium membrane is in contact with sterile fluid and the other side in contact with the non-sterile driving gas pressure. Pericardium membrane material is a medical grade silicone.